Mazhinji matekinoroji epamberi ari kuchinja hupenyu hwedu mazuva ese. Advent uye kukura kweMota yemagetsi (EV)Muenzaniso wakakura wekungoshanduka kakawanda sei shanduko yehupenyu hwedu hwebhizinesi - uye hwehupenyu hwedu pachedu.
Tekinoroji inofambira mberi uye zvakatipoteredza zvinongedzo zvekumanikidza pane yemukati yekubatanidza Injini (Ice) mota dziri kutyaira kufarira kwekuwedzera mumusika weV. Vazhinji vakagadza vagadziri vemotokari vari kuunza itsva mitsva mhando, padivi pehunyorwa mutsva-ups kupinda mumusika. Nekusarudza kwekuita uye mhando dziripo nhasi, uye zvakawanda zvichauya, mukana wekuti isu tese tingave tichityaira mune ramangwana zviri pedyo nezvazviri.
Iyo tekinoroji iyo inopa midziyo yemazuva ano inoda shanduko dzakawanda kubva mumotokari dzechinyakare dzakagadzirwa. Maitiro ekuvaka Evs inoda kuti zvive zvakanyanya kufungidzirwa kwakawanda sekufunga kweiyo aesthetics yemotokari yacho pachako. Izvi zvinosanganisira mutsara wemabhodhi emarobhoti akagadzirirwa Ev application - pamwe nemitsetse yekuchinjika yekugadzira ine madhiri mbozha iyo inogona kuiswa mukati uye kunze kune dzakasiyana siyana dzetsetse sezvaidiwa.
Mumagazini ino isu tichaongorora kuti ndedzipi shanduko dzinodiwa kuti dzigadzirire zvinogadzirwa uye kugadzira Evs nhasi. Isu tichataura nezve maitiro ekugadzira uye maitiro ekugadzira akasiyana neaya anoshandiswa kugadzira magasi ane gasi-powered.
Dhizaini, zvikamu uye maitiro ekugadzira
Kunyangwe kukura kweVEV kwakasimbiswa nevanoongorora uye vagadziri vezana ramakumi maviri, kufarira kwakasarudzika nekuda kwekucheka kwemutengo, mota dzakagadzirwa peturu. Tsvagurudzo dzinosvika muna 1920 kusvika pakutanga kwema1960 apo nyaya dzezvakatipoteredza nekusvibisa zviwanikwa zvakasikwa zvakasika kudiwa kwemamiriro ezvinhu ane hushamwari.
Evaradhizaini
Nhasi ndewekuti ndezvekusiyana kwazvo nechando (mukati meinjini injini) peturu-dzimba dzemotokari. Kuberekerwa kutsva kweEvs kwakabatsirwa kubva pane zvakatevedzana kwekuyedza kwekugadzira uye kuvaka mota dzemagetsi uchishandisa nzira dzechinyakare dzekugadzirwa kwevakaitwa nemakumi emakore.
Pane mutsauko wakawanda mukuti Evs anogadzirwa sei kana achienzaniswa nemotokari dzechando. Iyo inotaura inoshandiswa kuve yekuchengetedza injini, asi iyi inotarisisa yave yachinja kuti ichidzivirira mabhatiri mukugadzira A Ev. Vagadziri vemotokari uye mainjiniya anocheka zvachose dhizaini yeEvs, pamwe nekugadzira nzira nyowani dzekugadzira uye dzegungano kuti dzivake. Ivo zvino vava kugeza Ev kubva pasi kumusoro nekufungisisa nezve aerodynamocs, uremu uye humwe hwekubudirira.
An Magetsi emotokari bhatiri (EMB)ndiyo yakajairwa madimikira emabhatiri anoshandiswa kune simba emagetsi motors emhando dzese dzeEvs. Muzhinji, izvi zvinorehwa lithium-ion mabhatiri akanyatsogadzirirwa kune yakakwira ambere-awa (kana kilowatthour) kugona. Rechargeable Batteries yeLithiorion tekinoroji mapurasitiki makuru ehupfumi ane masals mauto uye cathodes. Lithium-ion mabhatiri anoshandisa polymer electrolyte pachinzvimbo chemagetsi. High Union Semisolid (Gel) Polymers inoumba iyi electrolyte.
Lithium-ionEV mabhatirimabhatiri akadzika-eturu akagadzirirwa kupa simba pamusoro penguva dzakatemerwa nguva. Zvishoma uye zvakareruka, iyo lithium-ion mabhatiri anodiwa nekuti anoderedza uremu hwemotokari uye saka kugadzirisa maitiro ayo.
Aya mabhatiri anopa yakakwira chaiyo simba pane mamwe marudzi ebathium bhatiri. Ivo vanowanzo shandiswa mune zviremera uko uremu chinhu chinonzwisisika, senge nharembozha, ndege dzakadzorwa neredhiyo uye, ikozvino, Evs. A yakajairika lithium-ion bhatiri inogona kuchengeta 150 watt-maawa emagetsi mune bhatiri rinorema dzinenge 1 kilogiramu.
Mumakumi maviri emakore ekupedzisira kufambira mberi muLithium-ION Battery tekinoroji yakatorwa nezvikumbiro kubva kune zvinodikanwa kubva kune zvinotakurirwa zvemagetsi, maLaptop makomputa, mafoni, zvishandiso zvemagetsi uye zvimwe. Iyo indasitiri yeVE EV yakawana zvakanakira izvi kufambira mberi kuri kuita uye simba density. Kusiyana nedzimwe bhatiri remikari, blip-ion mabhatiri anogona kudzingiswa uye kugadzirwazve zuva nezuva uye chero chero chikamu chekubhadhara.
Kune matekinoroji anotsigira kusikwa kwemamwe marudzi ehuremu hwakareruka, akavimbika, mutengo unoshanda zvinobudirira kuderedza huwandu hwemabhatiri anodiwa kuti ave Evs. Mabhatiri anochengetera simba uye simba izvo motors motors zvakamuka mune tekinoroji yavo uye vari kuchinja anenge mazuva ese.
Traction System
Evs ane motors motors, zvakare inotaurwa nezvechirongwa kana system yekuparadza - uye ine simbi uye zvikamu zvepurasitiki izvo zvisingadi mari. Iyo sisitimu inoshandura simba remagetsi kubva kubhegi uye rinoburitsa kuchitima chekutyaira.
Evs inogona kugadzirwa nevhiri maviri-vhiri kana ese-vhiri propulsion, uchishandisa maviri kana mana emagetsi motors zvichiteerana. Zvese zvakananga zvazvino (DC) uye kuchinjisa zvazvino (ac) motors ari kushandiswa mune izvi traction kana masisitimu ekupararira eEvs. AC Motors inonyanya kufarirwa, nekuti ivo havashandise brushes uye vanoda kunyatsogadziriswa.
Ev Controller
Ev Motors zvakare inosanganisira iyo yakasarudzika yemagetsi controller. Iyi controller dzimba iyo yemagetsi package inoshanda pakati pemabhatiri uye iyo magetsi mota yekudzora kumhanya kwemotokari uye kukwirisa, senge carburetor inoita mumotokari yepeturu. Aya pane-bhodhi komputa masisitimu haangotanga mota, asiwo anoshanda magonhi, mahwindo, mhepo yemhepo, mataira ekutarisa system, varaidzo system, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda zvinozivikanwa kune ese mota.
EV mabrake
Chero rudzi rwezvemhando yemabhureki inogona kushandiswa pamusoro peEvs, asi masisitive ekudzinga masisitimu anodiwa mumotokari yemagetsi. Braenerative braking chiitiko chinoitwa nemota inoshandiswa sejenareta kuti udzorere mabhatiri kana mota iri kuderera. Aya mabhurekota ekutora anokweretesa mamwe esimba akarasika panguva yekubvaruka uye anodzokera ku bhatiri system.
Munguva yekudzokorora kwezano, imwe yekinetic simba rinowanzo nyorwa nemabhureki uye dzakatendeukira kupinza inoshandurwa kuva emagetsi neanotonga - uye inoshandiswa kugadzirisa mabhatiri. Braenerative Braking haangowedzeredze mhando yemotokari yemagetsi ne5 kusvika ku10%, asi zvakare yakaratidza kuderera kupfeka uye kuderedza mutengo wekuchengetedza.
Ev charger
Mhando mbiri dzechaja dzinodiwa. Iyo yakazara-size charger yekuisa mu garage inodiwa kuti udzorere kubva pamanheru, pamwe neanogarako recharger. Machiraki anotakurika ari kukurumidza kuve midziyo yakajairwa kubva kune vakawanda vagadziri. Aya marja anochengetwa mu trunk kuitira kuti mabhatiri evose anogona kunge ari chikamu kana kuti akagadziridzwa zvachose panguva yerwendo rurefu kana mune emergency seyekubuda kwemagetsi. Nenzira yeramangwana isu tichaenderera mberi nemhando dzemhando dzeEvara kutonga zviteshiseyero 1, level 2 uye waya.
Kutumira Nguva: Kukadzi-20-2024